金融学术语:cap和floor怎么理解

2024-05-15

1. 金融学术语:cap和floor怎么理解

给你举个例子你就知道了:利率顶(interest rate caps) 如果贷款利率超过了规定的上限(cap rate),利率顶合约的提供者将向合约持有人补偿实际利率与利率上限的差额,从而保证合约持有人实际支付的净利率不会超过合约规定的上限。 利率底(interest rate floors)如果贷款利率下降至下限(floor rate),利率底合约的提供者将向合约持有人补偿实际利率与利率下限的差。 拓展资料: 一般来说,利率根据计量的期限标准不同,表示方法有年利率、月利率、日利率。 现代经济中,利率作为资金的价格,不仅受到经济社会中许多因素的制约,而且,利率的变动对整个经济产生重大的影响。 因此,现代经济学家在研究利率的决定问题时,特别重视各种变量的关系以及整个经济的平衡问题,利率决定理论也经历了古典利率理论、凯恩斯利率理论、可贷资金利率理论、IS-LM利率分析以及当代动态的利率模型的演变、发展过程。 凯恩斯认为储蓄和投资是两个相互依赖的变量,而不是两个独立的变量。在他的理论中,货币供应由中央银行控制,是没有利率弹性的外生变量。此时货币需求就取决于人们心理上的“流动性偏好”。 而后产生的可贷资金利率理论是新古典学派的利率理论,是为修正凯恩斯的“流动性偏好”利率理论而提出的。在某种程度上,可贷资金利率理论实际上可看成古典利率理论和凯恩斯理论的一种综合。 英国著名经济学家希克斯等人则认为以上理论没有考虑收入的因素,因而无法确定利率水平,于是于1937年提出了一般均衡理论基础上的IS-LM模型。从而建立了一种在储蓄和投资、货币供应和货币需求这四个因素的相互作用之下的利率与收入同时决定的理论。 根据此模型,利率的决定取决于储蓄供给、投资需要、货币供给、货币需求四个因素,导致储蓄投资、货币供求变动的因素都将影响到利率水平。这种理论的特点是一般均衡分析。 该理论在比较严密的理论框架下,把古典理论的商品市场均衡和凯恩斯理论的货币市场均衡有机的统一在一起。马克思的利率决定理论是从利息的来源和实质的角度,考虑了制度因素在利率决定中的作用的利率理论,其理论核心是利率是由平均利润率决定的。 马克思认为在资本主义制度下,利息是利润的一部分,是剩余价值的一种转换形式。利息的独立化,对于真正显示资金使用者在再生产过程中所起的能动作用有积极意义。

金融学术语:cap和floor怎么理解

2. floors是什么意思

floors_百度翻译
floors    
n.    底( floor的名词复数 );地面;(车厢内的)底板;议员席    
[例句]The kitchen has white walls and limestone floors.
厨房有白色的墙壁和石灰岩地砖的地面。

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3. 150道英语IQ题附答案

1. What room has no walls, no doors, no windows, and no floors? 
A mushroom.(蘑菇) 
2. What is smaller than an insect's mouth? 
Anything it eats. 
3. What large instrument do you carry in your ears? 
Drums, that is eardrums.(鼓膜) 
4. What's too much for one, just right for two, but nothing at all for three? 
A secret. 
5. What person tried to make you smile most of the time? 
A photographer. 
6. What animal has a head like a cat, eyes like a cat, a tail like a cat, but isn't a cat? 
A kitten.(小猫) 
7. What surprising things happen every 24 hours? 
Day breaks, but doesn't fall; night falls, but doesn't break. 
8. What can hear you without ears and can answer you without a mouth? 
An echo.(回声) 
9. What do you know about the kings of France? 
They are all dead. 
10. What question can you never answer 'yes" to" 
Are you asleep? 
11. Why do some old people never use glasses? 
They must prefer bottles to glasses. 
12. Why is the person wearing two coats while painting the house?  
Because the instructions on the paint can say "Put on two coats for best results." 
13. What two words have thousands of letters in them? 
Post office. 
14. What do workers do in a clock factory? 
They make faces all day. 
15. What 5-letter word has 6 left when you take 2 letters away? 
Sixty. 
16. When do you go as fast as a racing car? 
When you are in it. 
17. How many sides does a house have? 
Two - inside and outside. 
18. What never asks any questions but always gets answers? 
A doorbell. 
19. Where did Columbus stand when he discovered America? 
On his feet. 
20. When the boy fell into the water, what's the first thing he did? 
He got wet first of all. 
21. Who isn't your sister and isn't your brother, but is still a child of your mother and father? 
I myself. 
22. What has teeth but cannot eat? 
A comb. 
23. What kind of man can raise things without lifting them? 
A farmer. 
24. Why does time fly? 
To get away from all the people who are trying to kill it. 
25. Name five days of the week without saying: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday. 
The day before yesterday, yesterday, today, tomorrow, and the day after tomorrow. 
26. What animal eats and drinks with its tail? 
All do. No animal takes off its tail when eating and drinking. 
27. What has a soft bed but never sleeps, a big mouth but never speaks? 
A river. 
28. What kind of dog never bite? 
A hot dog. 
29. Why does the Statue of Liberty stand in New York Harbor? 
Because it can't sit down. 
30. What did one invisible man say to the other invisible man? 
It's nice not to see you again. 
31. What wears a cap but has no head? 
A bottle. 
32. What rises in the morning and waves all day? 
A flag. 
33. What is an astronomer?(天文学家)? 
A night watchman with a college education. 
34. How can you tell clocks and watches are shy? 
Because they always have their hands in front of their faces. 
35. What is wind? 
Air in a hurry. 
36. What comes after the letter "A"? 
All the other letters.  
37. What starts with a T, ends with a T, and is full of T? 
Teapot. 
38. What word can you make shorter by adding to it? 
Short. 
39. What person does every man take his hat off to? 
A barber. 
40. Why does the boy carry a ladder to the school? 
Because he wants to go to high school. 
41. What can you swallow that can also swallow you? 
Water. 
42. What's the difference between a hill and a pill? 
A hill is hard to get up and a pill is hard to get down. 
43. Why is it useless to send a letter to Washington? 
Because he's dead. 
44. A doctor and a lawyer loved the same girl. The lawyer went away for a week and gave the girl seven apples before he left. Why? 
Because an apple a day keeps the doctor away. 
45. What will you do if a man-eating tiger is running after you? 
Nothing. Because I'm a woman. 
46. What always travels on foot? 
A shoe. 
47. Where can happiness always be found? 
In the dictionary. 
48. What is higher without a head than with a head? 
A pillow.(枕头) 
49. Why don't you advertise for your lost dog?
He can't read. 
50. On which side does a bird have the most feathers? 
The outside. 
51. What is the best thing to keep in hot weather? 
Cool! 
52. What is never used until it's broken? 
An egg. 
53. What's a skeleton?(骨架) 
It's a lot of bones without the person on them! 
54. What is dark but made by light? 
A shadow. 
55. What can you break with only one word? 
Silence. 
56. What stays indoors no matter how many times you put it out? 
The light. 
57. A policeman saw a truck driver going the wrong way down a one-way street, but didn't give him a ticket. Why? 
Because the truck driver was walking. 
58. Where can milk be best stored? 
In a cow. 
59. Which can move faster, heat or cold? 
Heat, because you can catch cold easily. 
60. What's the hardest thing about learning skating? 
The ice. 
61. What has cities with no houses, rivers without water and forests without trees? 
A map.  
62. What can be measured but has no length, width or thickness? 
The temperature. 
63. What makes the Tower of Pisa lean? 
It never eats. 
64. Why is writing called handwriting? 
If people wrote with their feet, we would have to call it footwriting. 
65. If there were only thre girls in the world, what do you think they would do? 
Two of them would get together ans talk about the other one. 
66. How many great men have been born in London? 
None. Only babies. 
67. When can you have an empty pocket and still have something in it? 
When you have a hole in your pocket. 
68. The greater it is, the less it can be seen. What is it? 
Darkness. 
69. The more you take away, the bigger I become. What am I? 
A hole. 
70. Who may marry many a wife and stay single all of his life? 
A priest.(牧师)

150道英语IQ题附答案

4. 老师你好 请教 I live on the top floor and she lives floors _ me.用below 还是under 为什么

楼主你好。
选择below指处于比某物低的位置,不一定在某物的正下方。

5. 100Floors 第17层怎么过

FLOOR 17
左右倾斜可以移动钢珠来按按钮,提示在门上面,左右右左左左右右,依序这样去按按钮就会开了。


如果觉得我说的不详细,100层电梯100 Floors 图文全攻略吧
http://www.vishengsu.com/100-floor-main-tower-66-100/

100Floors 第17层怎么过

6. 20分跪求!中国目前存在的金融工具和金融衍生工具有哪些?

  金融工具是指在金融市场中可交易的金融资产。不同形式的金融工具具有不同的金融风险。
  金融工具又称交易工具,它是证明债权债务关系并据以进行货币资金交易的合法凭证,是货币资金或金融资产借以转让的工具。
  形成一个企业金融资产或金融工具和衍生金融工具两大类(见“衍生金融工具”)。
  国际会计准则委员会第32号准则对金融工具定义如下:“一项金融工具是使一个企业形成金融资产,同时使另一个企业形成金融负债或权益工具(equity instrument)的任何合约”。这一定义将基本金融工具也包括在内,但更侧重于表达衍生工具的特征。第32号准则对定义中的金融资产、金融负债和权益工作作了列举说明:
  (1)金融资产泛指如下任何一类资产:①现金;②合约规定的从另一企业收到现金或其他金融资产的权利;③合约规定的在潜在有利条件下与另一企业金融工具的权利;④另一个企业的权益工具。
  (2)金融负债泛指如下任何一项负债:①合约规定的转移现金或其他金融资产给另一企业的义务;②合约规定的不利的条件下,与另一企业交换金融工作的义务。
  权益工具表示对企业资产抵消相关的负债后的净资产权利的合约。
  美国财务会计准则委员会颁布的第105号财务准则公告(SAS105)指出,金融工具包括现金、在另一企业的所有权益(ownership inc )以及如下两种合约;①某一个体向其他个体转交现金或其他金融工具,或在潜在的不利条件下与其他个体交换金融工具的合约规定的义务。②某一个体从另一个体收到现金或其他金融工具的合约规定的权利。
  第105号公告限制了金融工具的范围。一项资产,在未来可能的惠益是收到商品或劳务,而不是收到现金或其他个体的所有者权益,则不是金融工具,如预付账款和预付费用。同样,一项负债,其未来可能的代价是转移商品或劳务,而不是转交现金或另一企业的所有者权益,也不是金融工具,如预收账款、递延收及产品质量担保义务,含有用苛一项金融工具交换实物资产的权利或义务的期权和远期合约不是金融工具,例如,两家企业签订了一项购销合同,合同规定,购货方同意在六个月后接受一定数量的小麦或黄金,并在交货日支付100 000美元,这一远期合约就不是金融工具;可能在将来需要企业支付现金但尚未从合约中产生的或有事项,也不是金融工具。
  由于金融工具具有表外风险,国际会计准则和美国公认会计原则均要求操作金融工具的企业在财务报表的主体和附注中披露金融工具的信息。规定的会计处理大多数与衍生金融工具的会计处理则包含在应付债券、投资、股东权益等准则之中。
  [编辑本段]金融分类
  金融工具分为2大类:现金类和衍生类。现金类分为证券类和其他现金类(如贷款,存款)。衍生类分为交易所交易的金融衍生品和柜台(OTC)金融衍生品。另外,也可以根据财产类型分为债务型和所有权型。
  财产类型
  长期债(一年以上):
  证券类(securities)=债券(bonds)
  其他现金类=贷款(loans)
  交易所交易的金融衍生品类=债券期货(bonds futures)
  债券期货选择权(option on bonds futures)
  柜台金融衍生品类=Interest rate swap
  Interest rate cap and floors
  Interest rate option
  Exotic instrument
  短期债(一年以下):
  证券类(securities)=钞票(bills,CommercialPaper)
  其他现金类=存款, 定存(CD)
  交易所交易的金融衍生品类=短期利率期货(short term interest rate Futures)
  柜台金融衍生品类=Forward rate agreement
  所有权(equity): 证券类(securities)=股票(stock)
  其他现金类=无
  交易所交易的金融衍生品类=股票选择权(stock option)
  期货(equity futures)
  柜台金融衍生品类=Stock options
  Exotic instruments
  外汇交易:
  证券类(securities)=无
  其他现金类=无
  交易所交易的金融衍生品类=Spot foreign exchange
  外汇期货Currency futures
  柜台金融衍生品类=Foreign exchange options
  Outright forward
  Foreign exchange swap
  Currency swap
  对于未在资产负债表内确认、或已按成本计量的衍生金融工具(不包括套期工具),应当在首次执行日按照公允价值计量,同时调整留存收益。
  对于嵌入衍生金融工具,按照《企业会计准则第22号——金融工具确认和计量》规定应从混合工具分拆的,应当在首次执行日将其从混合工具分拆并单独处理,但嵌入衍生金融工具的公允价值难以合理确定的除外。
  [编辑本段]衍生金融工具
  对于企业发行的包含负债和权益成份的非衍生金融工具,应当按照《企业会计准则第37 号——金融工具列报》的规定,在首次执行日将负债和权益成份分拆,但负债成份的公允价值难以合理确定的除外。
  根据对货币利率或债务工具的价格、外汇汇率、股票价格或股票指数、商品期货价格等金融资产的价格走势的预期而定值,并从这些金融产品的价值中派生自身价值的金融产品。
  衍生金融工具是指从传统金融工具中派生出来的新型金融工具。股票期货合约,股指期货合约,期权合约,债券期货合约都是衍生金融工具。
  衍生金融工具(deriative financial instruments),又称派生金融工具、金融衍生产品等,顾名思义,是与原生金融工具相对应的一个概念,它是在原生金融工具诸如即期交易的商品和约、债券、股票、外汇等基础上派生出来的。
  国际互换和衍生协会(International Swaps and Derivatives Association,ISDA)将金融衍生工具描述为:“旨在为交易者转移风险的双边合约。合约到期时,交易者所欠对方的金额由基础商品、证券或指数的价格决定。”
  衍生金融工具的主要作用是:
  促进金融市场的稳定和发展,有利于加速经济信息的传递,其价格形成有利于资源的合理配置和资金的有效流动,还可以增强国家金融宏观调控的能力。 有分割,转移风险,提高金融市场经济效率的作用。
  衍生金融工具的基本特征
  1、跨期交易
  2、杠杆效应
  3、不确定性和高风险
  4、套期保值和投机套利共存
  衍生金融工具的分类
  (一)按基础工具种类:
  1、股权式衍生工具
  2、货币衍生工具
  3、利率衍生工具
  (二)按风险—收益特性:
  对称型与不对称型
  (三)按交易方法与特点:
  金融远期合约、金融期货、金融期权、金融互换
  衍生金融工具的作用
  1.投机获利
  2.套期保值
  对于未在资产负债表内确认、或已按成本计量的衍生金融工具(不包括套期工具),应当在首次执行日按照公允价值计量,同时调整留存收益。
  金融工具:一般释意为信用关系的书面证明、债权债务的契约文书等,是金融机构中和金融市场上交易的对象。(来源:黄达 《金融学 精编版》04年5月第一版)

7. 100floors第99层怎么过?

FLOOR 99
门上是15,本来觉得是要上面六个数字算出15,可是最后一个5后面并没有等于,所以其实是要写出一个等式,让15=15,那就按照下面的顺序就可以了,+和-就是你的调音量的+-!
如果觉得我说的不详细,100层电梯100 Floors 图文全攻略吧
http://www.vishengsu.com/100-floor-main-tower-66-100/

100floors第99层怎么过?

8. 100floors80关怎么过?

门上的数字代表上面的火把标号从右到左依次是数字1到5
点代表地上的圆点
也就是说   先拿起储物篮里面的火把按顺序点亮1、3、2号然后按地上的圆   火把熄灭
    再点亮5、4点地上的园0就是说再按一下地上的园  
以此类推      注意火把的序号是从右到左排的      右边的是1号